Ghali, S., Ghanem, W., El Faramawy, H., Eissa, M., Lamie, M. (2022). Effect of Substituting Ni by N on Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel. International Journal of Materials Technology and Innovation, 2(1), 51-59. doi: 10.21608/ijmti.2022.80770.1033
S. Ghali; W. Ghanem; H. El Faramawy; M. Eissa; M. Lamie. "Effect of Substituting Ni by N on Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel". International Journal of Materials Technology and Innovation, 2, 1, 2022, 51-59. doi: 10.21608/ijmti.2022.80770.1033
Ghali, S., Ghanem, W., El Faramawy, H., Eissa, M., Lamie, M. (2022). 'Effect of Substituting Ni by N on Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel', International Journal of Materials Technology and Innovation, 2(1), pp. 51-59. doi: 10.21608/ijmti.2022.80770.1033
Ghali, S., Ghanem, W., El Faramawy, H., Eissa, M., Lamie, M. Effect of Substituting Ni by N on Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel. International Journal of Materials Technology and Innovation, 2022; 2(1): 51-59. doi: 10.21608/ijmti.2022.80770.1033
Effect of Substituting Ni by N on Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel
Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, P.O. Box 87 Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
This article aims at investigating the influence of partial and total replacement of Ni by N in the chemical composition of the exhausted valve steel grade X45CrNiW18-9 on its corrosion behavior. Five experiments were designed. Melting was carried out in an induction furnace with a capacity of 10 Kg under nitrogen pressure. The chemical compositions of produced stainless steels were determined. The produced stainless-steel grades were forged by using free forging. The nitrogen content of each steel grade was determined. Samples of forged stainless-steel grades were subjected to heat treatment at 1050 °C for one hour and then water quenched. Microstructures of heat-treated stainless-steel grades were investigated. The influence of substituting Ni by N on the corrosion behavior of five grades of steel was studied using different concentrations of NaCl-FeCl3 solutions. SEM was used to examine the morphology of the corroded surfaces after the potentiodynamic polarization experiments.
[1] M. Eissa & S. Ghali “Development of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel by melting under high nitrogen pressure technique” Egyptian-German Year of Science & Technology Materials Science Workshop on Materials Based Manufacturing Technologies. CMRDI, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt, May 7th – 9th 2007, page 32.
[2] Saeed Ghali, Fathy Baiomy, Mamdouh Eissa " INVESTIGATION THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN ON OXIDATION BEHAVIOR OF STAINLESS STEEL", 7th European Stainless Steel Conference Science and Market, Como (Italy), 21-23 Sept. 2011.
[3] Saeed N. Ghali , “Low carbon high nitrogen low nickel stainless steel”, steel research int. 84, No.5, 450-456 (2013).
[4] Saeed Ghali, Mamdouh Eissa, Hoda El-Faramawy, Michael Mishreky and Taha Mattar, “ New Grades of Stainless Steel”, International Conference on Advances in Refractories and Clean Steel Makin (ARCS13), 26-28 Jun. 2013, Ranchi, India
[6] Saeed Ghali, Mamdouh Eissa, Hoda El-Faramawy, Azza Ahmed, Fathy Baiomy and Michael Lamie; “ Influence of Nitrogen on Oxidation Resistance of Automotive Steel Grades”; Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 835, pp. 83-92, online on 27 Mar. 2020
[7] Saeed Ghali, Mamdouh Eissa, Hoda El-Faramawy, Azza Ahmed, Michael Mishreky and Taha Mattar;” High Nitrogen High Carbon Stainless Steel”, ESSC & DUPLEX 2019 , 30 Sep. to 2 Oct. 2019 Schloss Schönbrunn, Vinna, Austria,
[8] Y. S. Lim, J. S. Kim, S. J. Aln, H. S. Known and Y. Katada ''The influences of microstructure and nitrogen alloying on pitting corrosion of type 316L and 20% Mn-subtituted type 316L stainless steels'', Corrosion Science, 43, No.1, pp. 53-68, (2001).
[9] S. Tanaka, K. Yamamura and M. Oohori ''The development of bearing steels with long life and high corrosion resistance'', Bearing Steel Technology, ASTM Special Technical Publication, 1419, pp. 414-424, (2002).
[10] M. Sagara, H. Uno, Y. Katada and T. Kodama ''Effect of alloying elements on localized corrosion characteristics of nitrogen-bearing stainless steels and evaluation of crevice corrosion in seawater environment'', JISI, 88, No.10, pp. 672-677, (2002).
[11] M. Sagara ''Localized corrosion resistance of high nitrogen stainless steel'', ISIJ Bulletin, 7, No.11, pp. 858-859, (2002).
[12] H. Baba, T. Kodarwa and Y. Katada ''Role of nitrogen on the corrosion behaviour of austenitic stainless steels'', Corrosion Science, 44, No. 10, pp. 2393-2407, (2002).
[13] T. Sakamoto, H. Abo, T. Okazaki, T. Ogawa and T. Zaizen ''Alloys for the eighties'', Climx Molybdenum Company, Ann Arbor, p 269, (1980).
[14] J. E. Truman ''Effects of nitrogen on corrosion behaviour of high alloy steels'', In: J. Foct and A. Hendry (eds) High Nitrogen Steels, HNS 88. Institute of Metals, London, U.K., pp 225-239, (1989).
[15] R. C. Newman, T. Sharabi ''The effect of alloying nitrogen or dissolved nitrate ions on the anodic behaviour of austenitic stainless steel in hydrochloric acid'', Corrosion Sci. 27, No.8, pp. 827-838, (1987).
[16] R. Jargelius ''The influence of nitrogen alloying on the corrosion resistance of 20Cr-25Ni and 20Cr-25Ni-4.5Mo stainless steels'', report of Swedish Inst. for Metal. Research, IM 2179, (1986).
[17] M. O. Speidel “Corrosion science of stainless steels”, Stainless Steels’91, Chiba, ISIJ, pp. 25-35, (1991).
[18] T. Komori and M. Nakata; Proc. 39th Japan Corrosion Conf., Jpn. Soc. Corros. Eng., Tokyo, p. 353, (1992).
[19] A. S. Vanini , J. P. Audouard, P. Marcus; Corros. Sci. 36, pp. 1825-1834, (1996).
[20] 20. N. Bernard ''Nitrogen contribution in passivity of high nitrogen stainless steels'', passivation mechanisms and extrapolation to HNS. Conf. HNS, 19-22 Sept., Ostend, Belgium, Austria, pp.509-520, (2004)
[21] S. Ahila, B. Reynders and H. J. Grabke; Corros. Sci., 38, p.1991, (1996).
[22] U. K. Mudali ''Pitting , intergranular corrosion and passive film in nitrogen –bearing austenitic stainless steels'', Ph.D. Thesis, University of Madras, Madras, India, (1993).
[23] H. R. Yashiro, D. Takahashi, N. Kumagai, K. Mabuchi; Zairyo to Kankyo Corros. Eng. 47, p. 591, (1998).
[24] H. Ohno, H. Tanabe, A. Sakai, T. Misawa, Zairyo to Kankyo Corros. Eng. 47, p.584, (1998).
[25] R. F. A. Jargelius – Pettersson; Corros. Sci., 41, p.1639, (1999).
[26] U. K. Mudali, P. Shankar, S. Ningshen, R. K. Dayal, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj ''On the pitting corrosion resistance of nitrogen alloyed cold worked austenitic stainless steels'', Corrosion Science 44, pp. 2183-2198, (2002)
[27] A. Belfrouh, C. Masson, D. Vougner, A. M. De Beedelievre, N. S. Prakash and J. P. Audouard; Corros. Sci., 38, p.1639, (1996)
[28] T. Misawa and H. Tanabe; ISIJ Int., 36, p. 787, (1996)
[29] U. K. Mudali, S. Nigshen, A. K. Jyagi and R. K. Dayal; Mater. Sci. Forum 495, pp.318-320 (1999).
[30] U. K. Mudali, B. Reynders and M. Stratmann; Corros. Sci., 41, p.179, (1999).
[31] N. Briks and G. H. Meier ''Introduction to high temperature oxidation of metals'' Edward Arnold , (1983).
[32] H. Yashiro, A. Oyama and K. Tanno; Corrosion, 53, p. 290, (1997)
[33] D. S. Shahapurkar, W. M. Small; Metall. Trans. B, 18, p. 225, ( 1987).
[34] C. Liu, A. Bottger, Th. H. Keijser and E. J. Mittemeijer ''Lattice parameters of iron-carbon and iron-nitrogen martensites and austenites'' Scripta Metall et Mater 24, No.3, pp. 509-514, (1990)
[35] W. Diekmann, G. Panzner and H. J. Grabke; Sur. Sci., 218, p.507, (1988).
[36] Y. M. Kolotyrkin, I. A. Stepanow, V. M. Kauzheva and S. G. Babich; 9th Int. Congr. Met. Corr., Vol.1, Toronto, p. 258, ( 1984 ).
[37] S. Masayuki, K. Yasuyuki and K. Toshiaki; ISIJ International, 43, p.714, (2003).
[38] C.-O. A. Olesson; Corros. Sci., 37, p. 467, (1995).
[39] C. O. A. Olsson; Corros. Sci., 37, pp. 467-479, (1995).
[40] I. Olefjord and L. Wegrelius; Corrs. Sci., 38, pp. 1203-1220, (1996).